The government of Victoria has recently completed its Regional Riparian Action Plan (RRAP) 2015- 2020, a major investment to accelerate the establishment of native riparian vegetation through its river systems. This paper explores the learnings from that program identified through a review of the program outputs and outcomes. The paper describes the program successes and challenges, and explores the opportunities and constraints on achieving significant advances in riparian land management in Victoria. The paper concludes with a vision and pathway for a step change in riparian land management in Victoria.